Materials

Six Engineering Ceramics,
One Selection Standard

Each material is selected against the one requirement that dominates the application – the trade-offs are stated on every material page.

A single large white ceramic ring, machined and polished
White ceramic zirconia parts with stepped profiles
Black silicon carbide tubes, rings and machined parts
Two dark grey silicon nitride tubes standing upright
Pale aluminum nitride plates laid flat
Machined boron nitride rings, discs and profiled parts

Match the Requirement to the Material

A material is selected by the one requirement that dominates the application. Everything after that is a trade-off, stated on each material page.

General wear and electrical insulation call for alumina: chemical resistance at economical cost. Impact-loaded parts call for zirconia, the highest fracture toughness of the range. Abrasion at temperature calls for silicon carbide, the highest hardness of the range and thermal shock resistance. Structural load under thermal cycling calls for silicon nitride, combining high strength with toughness. Heat removal with electrical isolation calls for aluminum nitride, the highest thermal conductivity of the range. Machinable, non-wetting fixture parts call for boron nitride, which can be machined with conventional tooling. Where two requirements conflict, the review states which requirement the recommended material favours and what is sacrificed.

General wear and insulation
Alumina · chemical resistance at economical cost
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Impact-loaded parts
Zirconia · highest fracture toughness of the range
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Abrasion at temperature
Silicon Carbide · highest hardness of the range, thermal shock resistant
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Structural load and thermal cycling
Silicon Nitride · high strength with toughness
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Heat removal with electrical isolation
Aluminum Nitride · highest thermal conductivity of the range
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Machinable, non-wetting fixture parts
Boron Nitride · conventional tooling
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Frequently asked

Alumina for general wear, insulation and chemical resistance at moderate cost. Zirconia whenever impact or high face load is present, because its toughness prevents the chipping that would end the life of an alumina part.
Aluminum nitride, and it does so while remaining an electrical insulator. Silicon carbide also conducts heat but is often electrically conductive depending on grade.
Yes. Certificates of conformity and material test reports can be issued with the order, and they should be stated on the purchase order so they are planned into the inspection stage.
The method does. Softer ceramics like boron nitride are formed more directly, while silicon carbide takes far longer to grind to the same tolerance. Capability figures are feature-specific, not material-wide.
That is the normal case. The review states which requirement the recommended material favours and what is sacrificed, rather than presenting the choice as free of trade-offs.

Not Sure Which Ceramic Fits the Drawing?

Send the drawing and the operating environment – the selection is part of the engineering review.