Manufacturing capability

Prototype to Production for Ceramic Components

What changes between the first evaluation part and a repeated production order, and how continuity is maintained between batches.

Stepped parts with through holes, in a zirconia batch.

Order size and lead time

Prototype, pilot and production quantities

Prototype work starts from a single part and is quoted separately from production, because the manufacturing route and the fixturing differ at that stage. Typical lead time is 7 to 10 working days after drawing approval for a prototype, 2 to 3 weeks for a pilot batch and 4 to 6 weeks for production, subject to order confirmation and to the written date issued with the quotation. The same control framework applies from prototype through repeat production – the drawing, the datum scheme and the agreed inspection method – while tooling, fixturing, inspection frequency and process route may change with quantity and feature requirements. That framework is what keeps the second batch comparable with the first.

A prototype is not a separate kind of part. It belongs to one of the component families, and the family follows the geometry on the drawing rather than the quantity being ordered; the eight families are listed under custom ceramic components. Where the material is still open at that stage it is settled before a route is quoted, because the tolerance a feature can hold depends on which ceramic is chosen for it, and that decision is set out under ceramic material selection. How the first article is measured against the drawing, and how that measurement carries into the run, is described under inspection and metrology.

What changes as the order grows

Prototype, pilot and production are not the same job at different quantities. The route, the fixturing and the inspection plan all change.

Stage comparison for custom ceramic components
StagePrimary objectiveTooling / fixtureInspection levelDocumentationChange control
PrototypeForm, fit and function: prove the design before committing to toolingGeneral fixturing; route may differ from productionEvery dimension marked functional, in fullFirst article inspection report on requestDrawing revisions expected; each restarts approval
Pilot / first articleProcess stability: prove the process, not just the partProduction-intent fixture proven on the first articleFirst part in full, then drift-prone dimensions sampledFAI report for written approval; sampling plan statedProcess frozen after first article approval
Repeat productionRepeatability, documentation and delivery scheduleProduction fixture, retained between batchesPer the agreed plan: critical dimensions in full where specified, general dimensions sampledDimensional report with the shipment; lot traceabilityDocumented change approval before any process adjustment
LEAD TIMETypical lead time: 7-10 working days for prototypes, 2-3 weeks for small batches, 4-6 weeks for mass production. Final delivery date is subject to order confirmation.
A row of firing furnaces down the length of the bay, loaded setter boards stacked on pallets in the foreground
The firing bay, seen down its length.
Forming and green machining of ceramic parts
Forming
Packing and dispatch of brittle ceramic parts
Packing and dispatch

Making the step from one part to many

A prototype proves the design. A production order proves the process. Those are separate achievements.

01
Freeze the drawing
Changes after first article restarts the approval cycle, so the functional requirements are fixed first.
02
Approve the first article
The pilot part is fully inspected and, where required, an FAI report is issued for written approval.
03
Fix the process
Grinding parameters, fixturing and the inspection plan are recorded so the second batch matches the first.
04
Confirm the inspection plan
What is checked on every part, what is sampled, and what the report contains.
05
Schedule production
Delivery dates are set against the confirmed lead time and the quantity agreed.

Keeping batches identical

Ceramic parts rarely fail because one is wrong. They fail because batch two is subtly different from batch one.

  • Same material grade and supplier lot where it matters
  • Same grinding sequence and fixturing concept
  • Same datum scheme and inspection method
  • Documented change control before any process adjustment
  • Retained first-article record for comparison
ENGINEERING NOTEIf a drawing change is unavoidable after production has started, tell us before the change is released. A revision handled at the drawing stage is inexpensive; the same revision found at incoming inspection is not.
DOCUMENTATIONMaterial certificates, dimensional reports and first-article inspection reports are issued with the shipment when requested. State the document set on the purchase order so it is planned into the inspection stage.

What is verified at each stage

The inspection plan is not the same at every stage. What is checked in full on a prototype is sampled in production, and the difference is agreed with the quotation rather than discovered at delivery.

Verification by stage
StageWhat is verifiedRecord issued
PrototypeEvery dimension the drawing marks as functional, plus the form and fit this stage exists to proveFirst article inspection report
Pilot batchThe first part of the batch in full, then the dimensions the process is most likely to drift onReport against the pilot, with the sampling plan stated
ProductionCritical dimensions may be specified for 100 percent inspection, while general dimensions may be sampled according to the agreed inspection planDimensional report with the shipment
After a process changeThe dimensions that change could affect, before the batch continuesRevision note, with the affected dimensions re-reported
After a drawing revisionThe new and the changed callouts, compared against the retained first-article recordUpdated first article inspection report
A row of firing furnaces down the length of the bay, loaded setter boards stacked on pallets in the foreground
The firing bay, seen down its length.
CNC machining production facility
Production facility
Packing and dispatch of brittle ceramic parts
Packing and dispatch

Confirmed capability figures

Figures below are the capability the shop is measured on. They are feature-specific, not a general tolerance.

0.003 mm
Hole Diameter Tolerance
0.0005 mm
Roundness
0.002 mm
Parallelism
0.2 mm
Minimum Slot Width
Ra 0.02 µm
Surface Roughness

Capabilities depend on material, geometry, feature size and finishing requirements. Critical dimensions are reviewed against the drawing.

Where the work is done

CNC machining centres used for ceramic parts
Machining centres as they are run for ceramic work.
A machine tool with its work tank open, the wire head and the control panel in view
A machine tool set up on the shop floor.

Frequently asked

Can I order a single prototype part?

Yes. Prototype quantity is one part if that is what the project needs. It is quoted separately from production because the manufacturing route and fixturing differ.

What is the lead time?

Typical lead time: 7-10 working days for prototypes, 2-3 weeks for small batches, 4-6 weeks for mass production. Final delivery date is subject to order confirmation. We also give a written date with every quotation, so the range above is a planning figure and not the commitment.

Do you supply a first article inspection report?

Yes, when requested on the purchase order. FAI is planned into the inspection stage rather than produced afterwards.

What if the prototype reveals a design problem?

Send the finding back with the drawing revision. Design changes are normal before production and are much less expensive at that point than after tooling and process parameters are fixed.

Send us the drawing and the requirement

We review manufacturability, tolerance and inspection method before quoting.